An eLearning course is fully produced – but how does it reach the learners? The answer lies in the export format. This ensures that learning content is displayed correctly from a technical standpoint in the LMS (Learning Management System) and that the desired tracking information is transmitted. The good news: there are proven standards. The challenge: every standard has its own specific characteristics.
SCORM 1.2 – The evergreen among formats
The SCORM standard is the classic among eLearning formats. SCORM stands for Sharable Content Object Reference Model and defines how learning content is structured, displayed, and tracked within the LMS.
Advantages of SCORM 1.2:
- Most widely used worldwide
- Compatible with almost all LMS platforms
- Supports basic tracking: course started, completed, test scores
Limitation:
Detailed tracking of complex learning paths or intermediate statuses is not possible. Ideal for simple, linear courses with a final test.
Tip: Use SCORM 1.2 when maximum compatibility is required and advanced tracking functions are not necessary.
SCORM 2004 – For more complex requirements
SCORM 2004 is the further development of SCORM 1.2. It additionally enables:
- the tracking of page history and partial progress
- the definition of complex learning paths with dependencies
But beware:
Not every LMS fully supports SCORM 2004. A compatibility test (e.g., with SCORM Cloud) should definitely be carried out before use.
Tip: SCORM 2004 is useful when intermediate results are relevant or learners navigate non-linearly through the course.
xAPI (Experience API, formerly Tin Can) – For learning outside the LMS
xAPI was developed to capture learning activities outside of an LMS as well – e.g., in apps, on websites, or during real-world actions (e.g., equipment use, simulation).
Advantages:
- Very flexible tracking
- Mobile and offline activities can also be recorded
- Data is stored in a separate Learning Record Store (LRS)
Important: An LRS is required for use – in addition to the LMS.
Tip: Ideal for modern, networked learning environments with complex learning experiences, mobile elements, or learning analytics.
HTML5 / Web Link – For informal content without tracking
An LMS is not always in use – or the goal is simply to make a course available for information purposes, e.g., via newsletter or intranet link.
Advantages:
- No LMS required
- Easy to publish (as a link or embedded page)
- Fast availability
Limitations:
- No tracking
- No proof of usage or success
Tip: Use HTML5 export for purely informative learning content without mandatory testing or when the focus is on reach and simplicity.
What else is defined during export?
Regardless of the format, you should consider the following settings in the authoring tool during export:
When is the course considered completed?
– e.g., after viewing all pages or passing a test
What is being tracked?
– Test results, progress, time spent
Is progress saved?
– so-called “resume” function for course interruptions
What score is required to pass?
– including display in the LMS
Conclusion: The right format saves time & hassle
The choice of the appropriate export format significantly determines whether your eLearning functions smoothly from a technical perspective, can be evaluated correctly – and is set up to be future-proof.
Our practical tip:
Test your eLearning courses in advance in a neutral environment like SCORM Cloud before transferring them to the production LMS. This allows many technical pitfalls to be identified early on.
Off to the eLearning adventure!
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